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Langkasuka (''langkha'' Sanskrit for "resplendent land" -''sukkha'' for "bliss") was an ancient Hindu-Buddhist Malay kingdom located in the Malay Peninsula.〔 Another possible source of its name could be the combination of (-''langkha'' Sanskrit for "resplendent land" – and Ashoka in tribute to the legendary Mauryan Hindu warrior king who eventually became a pacifist after embracing the ideals espoused in Buddhism), the ancient kingdoms of the Malay Isthmus – Langkasuka having been one of them – believed by some scholars to have been first founded or rebuilt by emissaries or descendants of Ashoka from Magadha in India. The kingdom, along with Old Kedah, is probably among the earliest kingdoms founded on the Malay Peninsula. The exact location of the kingdom is of some debate, but archaeological discoveries at Yarang near Pattani, Thailand suggest a probable location. The kingdom is believed to have been founded in the 2nd century. ==Historical records == The historical records is sparse, the earliest and most detailed description of the kingdom comes from the Chinese Liang Dynasty (502-557) record ''Liangshu'', which refers to the kingdom of "Lang-ya-xiu" (, ''Lang-gga-siu'' in Hokkien) founded in the 2nd century AD. According to ''Liangshu'', "Lang-ya-xiu" or Langkasuka was thirty days' journey from east to west, and twenty from north to south, 24,000 ''li'' in distance from Guangzhou. It mentions that Aloeswood (''Aquilaria'') and camphor were abundant in the kingdom, and its capital was described as being surrounded by walls to form a city with double gates, towers and pavilions. Both men and women in Langkasuka were said to wear sarong with their torso bare and their hair loose, although the king and senior officials covered their shoulders with cloth and wore gold earrings and belts of gold cord. Women of high status wrapped themselves in cloth and wore jeweled girdles. It gives further information on some of its kings and also related a story on a succession: This king then ruled for 20 years. He was succeeded by his son, King Bhagadatta, who sent the first ambassadorial mission to China in 515. The kingdom's designation in Chinese records changed over time. In the late seventh century, the Buddhist monk Yi Jing mentioned encountering three Chinese monks who lived in a place named ''Lang-jia-shu'' (郎伽戍).〔 A Song Dynasty work ''Zhu fan zhi'' (諸蕃志, published in 1225) gives a description of the country of Ling-ya-si-jia (凌牙斯加). It mentions that its people cut their hair and wrapped themselves in a piece of cloth, its products included elephant tusks, rhinoceros horns, types of wood and camphor, and their merchants traded in wine, rice, silk and porcelain. It also says that the country paid tribute to a country named Sanfoqi (三佛齊) which is often interpreted to be Srivijaya.〔 Original text: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Langkasuka」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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